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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aggrecan</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Aggrecan
</th></tr>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;;">Eigenschaften des menschlichen Proteins
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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">2023 Aminosäuren
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<td><a href="Isoform" title="Isoform">Isoformen</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">3
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
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<td><a href="Human_Genome_Organisation" title="Human Genome Organisation">Gen-Name</a>
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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/all?query=319">ACAN</a></i>
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<td>Externe IDs
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<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/155760">155760</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P16112">P16112</a></li></ul>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P16112">Aggrecan Core Protein</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Übergeordnetes <a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="Euteleostomi" title="Euteleostomi">Euteleostomi</a>
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<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122; text-align:center;">Mensch
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122; text-align:center;">Hausmaus
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
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<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=176&rn=1">176</a></span>
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<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=11595&rn=1">11595</a></span>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
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<td><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000157766;db=core">ENSG00000157766</a></small></small></span>
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<td><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000030607;db=core">ENSMUSG00000030607</a></small></small></span>
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<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P16112">P16112</a>
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<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q61282">Q61282</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001135">NM_001135</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_007424">NM_007424</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001126">NP_001126</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_031450">NP_031450</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Genlocus" title="Genlocus">Genlocus</a>
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<td><span class=""> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&position=chr15:88803442-88875354">Chr 15: 88.8 – 88.88 Mb</a> </span>
</td>
<td><span class=""> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks&position=chr7:79053202-79115099">Chr 7: 79.05 – 79.12 Mb</a> </span>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=176">176</a></span>
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<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=11595">11595</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
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</p><p><b>Aggrecan</b> (auch: <b>Aggrekan</b>) ist ein <a href="Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a> in <a href="Wirbeltiere" title="Wirbeltiere">Wirbeltieren</a>. Man findet Aggrecan hauptsächlich im <a href="Knorpel#Hyaliner_Knorpel" title="Knorpel">hyalinen Knorpel</a> (10 % des Knorpelgewichts). Hier erfüllt es zusammen mit <a href="Kollagen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollagen">kollagenen</a> Fibrillen Elastizitätsaufgaben. Dies ist u. a. in der hohen Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit begründet. Mehrere Aggrecan-Moleküle sind in der Regel über ein Verbindungsprotein an einen langen Hyaluronsäurefaden gehängt. Das Protein bildet den Grundfaden, an den <a href="Chondroitinsulfat" title="Chondroitinsulfat">Chondroitinsulfat</a>- oder Dermatansulfatdisaccharide gehängt sind. Näher zur <a href="Hyalurons%C3%A4ure" title="Hyaluronsäure">Hyaluronsäure</a> findet man auch Keratansulfatdisacchariduntereinheiten. <a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationen</a> des <i>ACAN</i>-<a href="Gen" title="Gen">Gens</a> können zu seltener erblicher <a href="Spondyloepiphys%C3%A4re_Dysplasie" title="Spondyloepiphysäre Dysplasie">spondyloepiphysärer Dysplasie</a> führen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pathologischer_Aggrecanabbau">Pathologischer Aggrecanabbau</h2></div>
<p>Humanes Knorpelgewebe besteht aus einer Verbindung von Hyaluronsäure und dem Knorpelprotein Aggrecan. Aggrecan besteht aus den beiden Makromolekülen Keratansulfat und Chondroitinsulfat. Die Verdichtung der Sulfatgruppen innerhalb des Aggrecans führt zu einer elektrostatischen Abstoßung der Seitenketten untereinander. Diese intramolekulare Wechselwirkung ist in der Summe für den Kompressionswiderstand des Knorpels verantwortlich. Aggrecanasen sind proteolytische Enzyme die Aggrecane in Bindegeweben zersetzen. Eine pathologische Überexpression dieser Enzyme im Knorpelgewebe führt zur verstärkten Zersetzung des Aggrecans und somit zur Dekompensation von Keratansulfat und Chondroitinsulfat. Daraus folgt der Verlust des Kompressionswiderstandes, was zur Arthrose führt. Für den Abbau des Aggrecans im Knorpelgewebe sind vor allem die Aggrecanasen ADAMTS-4 und ADAMTS-5 verantwortlich.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P16112">P16112</a></span>
</li>
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Dieser Artikel wurde von <a class="external text" title="Zuletzt bearbeitet am 2018-11-19" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Aggrecan&oldid=182881575">Wikipedia</a> herausgegeben. Der Text ist unter <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> verfügbar, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Für die Mediendateien können zusätzliche Bedingungen gelten.
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